1. What does corrosive mean?
2. How would you test a substance, to see if it is an acid?
3. Write down the formula for: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, calcium hydroxide, and ammonia solution
4. Phenolpthalein is an indicator. What does that mean?
5. What does this pH value tell you about the solution?
a 9 b 4 c 7 d 1 e 10 f 3
6. What colour is universal indicator, in an aqueous solution of sugar? Why?
7. Write an equation to show what happens when hydrogen chloride dissolves in water.
8. All acids have something in common. What is it?
9. For the table of Conductivity and pH of acids, explain why ethanoic acid has: a lower conductivity b a higher pH than hydrochloric acid.
What do all alkaline solutions have in common?
10. Write an equation to show what happens when ammonia gas dissolves in water.
11. For the table of conductivity and pH for alkali, explain why the ammonia solution has: a lower conductivity b a lower pH than the potassium hydroxide solution.
12. Write a word equation for the reaction of dilute sulfuric acid with a zinc b sodium carbonate
13. Which reaction in question 12 is not a neutralisation?
14. Salts are ionic compounds. Name the salt that forms when calcium oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid, and say which ions it contains.
15. Zinc oxide is a base. Suggest a way to make zinc nitrate from it. Write a word equation for the reaction.
16. In what ways are the reactions of hydrochloric acid with calcium oxide and calcium carbonate:
a similar?
b different?
17. a Lime can help to control acidity in soil. Why? b Name one product that will form when it is used.
18. Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride, ZnCl2. Show that this is a redox reaction.
19. a What is an ionic equation? b Hydrochloric acid is neutralised by a solution of potassium hydroxide.
What do you expect the ionic equation for this neutralisation reaction to be? Write it down.
20. What are spectator ions? Explain in your own words.
21. An H1 ion is just a proton. Explain why. (Do a drawing?)
22. a Acids act as proton donors. What does that mean? b Bases act as proton acceptors. Explain what that means.
23. Neutralisation is not a redox reaction. Explain why, using the word proton in your answer.
24. How to write an ionic equation:
i Write down all the ions present in the full equation.
ii Cross out any that are the same on both sides of the equation.
iii What is left is the ionic equation. Rewrite it neatly.
a Follow steps i – iii for the reaction between magnesium oxide and hydrochloric acid above.
b Does your ionic equation match the one shown above? If so, well done!
25. Hydrochloric acid is neutralised by a solution of sodium carbonate. Write the ionic equation for this reaction.
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